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Inline Keyboard Bot

In this example, we will create a bot that uses inline keyboards - interactive buttons that appear within messages and can trigger actions without sending visible messages to the chat.

Overview

This bot demonstrates how to:

  • Create and display inline keyboards with custom callback buttons
  • Handle callback queries when users press inline buttons
  • Update message content dynamically in response to user interactions
  • Use emojis and HTML formatting for enhanced user experience

We will use two types of handlers:

  • onMessage or @MessageHandler for handling the /start command and displaying the inline keyboard
  • onCallback or @CallbackHandler for handling user interactions with the inline buttons

Import necessary classes

package io.github.natanimn;

import io.github.natanimn.telebof.BotClient;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.enums.ParseMode;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.keyboard.InlineKeyboardButton;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.keyboard.InlineKeyboardMarkup;

package io.github.natanimn;

import io.github.natanimn.telebof.BotClient;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.BotContext;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.enums.ParseMode;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.annotations.MessageHandler;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.annotations.CallbackHandler;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.keyboard.InlineKeyboardButton;
import io.github.natanimn.telebof.types.keyboard.InlineKeyboardMarkup;

Create InlineKeyboardBot class and initialize BotClient

public class InlineKeyboardBot {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        final var TOKEN = System.getenv("TOKEN"); // Get bot token from environment variable
        final var bot = new BotClient(TOKEN); // Initialize bot client

        // Add handlers here

        bot.startPolling(); // Start the bot
    }
 }

public class InlineKeyboardBot {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        final var TOKEN = System.getenv("TOKEN"); // Get bot token from environment variable
        final var bot = new BotClient(TOKEN); // Initialize bot client

        bot.addHandler(new InlineKeyboardBot());

        bot.startPolling(); // Start the bot
    }
}

Message Handler with Inline Keyboard

Add /start handler that creates and displays an inline keyboard

bot.onMessage(filter -> filter.commands("start"), (context, message) -> {
    // Create an inline keyboard markup
    var keyboard = new InlineKeyboardMarkup();

    // Add buttons with emojis and callback data
    keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟩 Green", "color-green"));
    keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟨 Yellow", "color-yellow"));
    keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟥 Red", "color-red"));

    // Send message with inline keyboard attached
    context.sendMessage(message.chat.id, "Press one of the following inline buttons: ")
            .replyMarkup(keyboard) // Attach the inline keyboard to the message
            .exec();
});

 @MessageHandler(commands = "start")
 void start(BotContext context, Message message)  {
     // Create an inline keyboard markup
     var keyboard = new InlineKeyboardMarkup();

     // Add buttons with emojis and callback data
     keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟩 Green", "color-green"));
     keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟨 Yellow", "color-yellow"));
     keyboard.addKeyboard(new InlineKeyboardButton("🟥 Red", "color-red"));

     // Send message with inline keyboard attached
     context.sendMessage(message.chat.id, "Press one of the following inline buttons: ")
             .replyMarkup(keyboard) // Attach the inline keyboard to the message
             .exec();
 }

Explanation:

  • InlineKeyboardMarkup() creates an inline keyboard that appears below the message content

Each InlineKeyboardButton takes two parameters:

  1. Text: The visible label on the button (includes color emojis: 🟩, 🟨, 🟥)
  2. Callback Data: A unique identifier sent when the button is pressed (color-green, color-yellow, color-red)
  • addKeyboard() adds each button on a separate row
  • replyMarkup(keyboard) attaches the inline keyboard to the message

Visual Result:
The user sees a message with three colorful buttons below it that they can interact with.

Callback Query Handler

Add handler to process inline button presses

bot.onCallback(filter -> filter.regex("color-"), (context, callback) -> {
    // Immediately acknowledge the callback query
    // This removes the loading indicator from the button
    context.answerCallbackQuery(callback.id).exec();

    // Extract the color name from the callback data
    // Example: "color-green" → "green"
    var color = callback.data.split("-")[1];

    // Create an appropriate response message based on the button pressed
    String response = switch (color) {
        case "green" -> "You have pressed <b>Green</b> button!";
        case "yellow" -> "You have pressed <b>Yellow</b> button!";
        case "red" -> "You have pressed <b>Red</b> button";
        default -> "You have pressed <b>Unknown</b> button";
    };

    // Edit the original message to show which button was pressed
    context.editMessageText(response, callback.message.chat.id, callback.message.message_id)
            .parseMode(ParseMode.HTML) // Use HTML formatting for bold text
            .replyMarkup(callback.message.reply_markup) // Keep the same keyboard
            .exec();
});

@CallbackHandler(regex = "color-")
void button(BotContext context, Message message){
   // Immediately acknowledge the callback query
   // This removes the loading indicator from the button
   context.answerCallbackQuery(callback.id).exec();

   // Extract the color name from the callback data
   // Example: "color-green" → "green"
   var color = callback.data.split("-")[1];

   // Create an appropriate response message based on the button pressed
   String response = switch (color) {
      case "green" -> "You have pressed <b>Green</b> button!";
      case "yellow" -> "You have pressed <b>Yellow</b> button!";
      case "red" -> "You have pressed <b>Red</b> button";
      default -> "You have pressed <b>Unknown</b> button";
   };

   // Edit the original message to show which button was pressed
   context.editMessageText(response, callback.message.chat.id, callback.message.message_id)
           .parseMode(ParseMode.HTML) // Use HTML formatting for bold text
           .replyMarkup(callback.message.reply_markup) // Keep the same keyboard
           .exec();
}

Explanation:

Callback Query Acknowledgment:

  • answerCallbackQuery(callback.id).exec() is required to tell Telegram the button press was received
  • This removes the loading animation from the pressed button

Callback Data Processing:

  • filter.regex("color-") matches any callback data starting with "color-"
  • The callback data is split to extract the specific color identifier

Message Editing:

  • editMessageText() modifies the existing message instead of sending a new one
  • This provides a cleaner user experience by updating the original message
  • replyMarkup(callback.message.reply_markup) preserves the original keyboard layout

User Feedback:

  • The message content changes to provide immediate feedback about which button was pressed
  • HTML formatting (<b>...</b>) makes the response more visually appealing

Complete Workflow

  1. User sends /start → Bot displays message with three inline buttons (Green, Yellow, Red)
  2. User presses a button → Telegram sends a callback query to the bot
  3. Bot processes callback →
  4. Acknowledges the query (removes button loading state)
  5. Determines which button was pressed
  6. Updates the original message to show the selection
  7. User sees updated message → The message now indicates which button was chosen

Summary

This example demonstrates how to implement interactive inline keyboards that:

  • Provide clean user interactions without cluttering the chat
  • Offer immediate visual feedback when buttons are pressed
  • Maintain message context by editing existing messages instead of creating new ones
  • Use semantic callback data to identify user actions meaningfully
  • Enhance user experience with emojis and formatted text

The full source code can be found on examples/inline_keybaord_bot